2026 Realistic Verified Free CWNP CWAP-405 Exam Questions
CWAP-405 Real Exam Questions and Answers FREE
NEW QUESTION # 29
Why would a STA that supports 802.11k Radio Measurement send a Neighbor Request to an AP?
- A. To request a list of neighboring APs which the STA can use as roaming candidates
- B. To learn about neighboring interference sources and tune its RF radio accordingly
- C. To inform the current AP about the STA's intent to roam to a neighboring AP, ensuring a seamless handover
- D. To request a list of neighboring STAs which enables the STA to better pick the right protection mechanisms
Answer: A
Explanation:
A STA that supports 802.11k Radio Measurement would send a Neighbor Request to an AP to request a list of neighboring APs which the STA can use as roaming candidates. A Neighbor Request is an Action frame that contains a subelement specifying the type of information that the STA wants to receive from the AP. A Neighbor Report is an Action frame that contains a subelement with a list of neighboring APs that match the criteria specified in the Neighbor Request. The Neighbor Report provides information such as BSSID, channel, operating class, and PHY type of each neighboring AP. This information helps the STA to perform intelligent roaming decisions based on signal quality, load, and compatibility . References: CWAP-
405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 12: 802.11k/v/r/u/w/ai Amendments, page 434; CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 12: 802.11k/v/r/u/w/ai Amendments, page 435.
NEW QUESTION # 30
You have been recently hired as the wireless network administrator for an organization spread across seven locations. They have deployed more than 100 APs, but they have not been managed in either an automated or manual process for more than 18 months.
Given this length of time, what is one of the first things you should evaluate from a support perspective?
- A. The channels in use
- B. The data rates allowed
- C. The firmware revision
- D. The VLANs in use
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 31
In which element of a Beacon frame would you look to identity the current HT protection mode in which an AP is operating?
- A. HT Protection Element
- B. HT Operations Element
- C. HT Capabilities Element
- D. ERP Information Element
Answer: B
Explanation:
The HT protection mode in which an AP is operating can be identified by looking at the HT Operations element in a Beacon frame. The HT Operations element is a part of the Beacon frame that contains information about the High Throughput (HT) capabilities and operation of an 802.11n BSS. The HT Operations element has a field called HT Protection, which indicates how the BSS protects its HT transmissions from interference or collisions with non-HT devices or BSSs. The HT Protection field can have four values: No Protection, Nonmember Protection, 20 MHz Protection, or Non-HT Mixed Mode. The other options are not correct, as they do not contain information about the HT protection mode. The HT Protection element does not exist, the ERP Information element is used for Extended Rate PHY (ERP) protection mode for 802.11g devices, and the HT Capabilities element is used for indicating the supported HT features of an individual device. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 5: 802.11 MAC Sublayer, page 125-126
NEW QUESTION # 32
A client is operating in an unstable RF environment. Out of five data frames transmitted to the client it only receives four. The client sends a Block Ack to acknowledge the receipt of these four frames but due to frame corruption the Block Ack is not received by the AP. Which frames will be retransmitted'
- A. Both the corrupted data and Block Ack
- B. Only the Block Ack
- C. All data frames
- D. Only the data frame which was corrupted
Answer: C
Explanation:
All data frames will be retransmitted in this scenario. This is because the AP uses a Block Ack (BA) mechanism to acknowledge the receipt of multiple data frames from a client in a single frame. The BA contains a bitmap that indicates which data frames were received correctly and which were not. If the BA is not received by the AP due to frame corruption, the AP will assume that none of the data frames were received by the client and will retransmit all of them. The other options are not correct, as they do not account for the loss of the BA or the use of the bitmap. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 6: 802.11 Frame Exchanges, page 167-168
NEW QUESTION # 33
Prior to a retransmission what happens to the CWmax value?
- A. Increases by 1
- B. Set to the value of the AIFSN
- C. Doubles and increases by 1
- D. Reset to 0
Answer: C
Explanation:
Before a retransmission, the CWmax (Contention Window maximum) value doubles and increases by 1. The CWmax is a parameter that determines the upper limit of the random backoff time that a STA (station) has to wait before attempting to access the medium. The random backoff time is chosen from a range of values between CWmin (Contention Window minimum) and CWmax. The CWmin and CWmax values depend on the AC (Access Category) of the traffic and the PHY type of the STA. If a transmission fails due to a collision or an error, the STA has to retransmit the frame after waiting for another random backoff time. However, to reduce the probability of another collision, the STA increases its CWmax value by doubling it and adding 1.
This increases the range of possible backoff values and spreads out the STAs more evenly. The STA resets its CWmax value to its original value after a successful transmission or after reaching a predefined limit. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 7: QoS Analysis, page
196-197
NEW QUESTION # 34
The PHY layer provides framing by adding a header to create what type of data unit?
- A. PPDU
- B. PSDU
- C. MPDU
- D. MSDU
Answer: A
Explanation:
The PHY layer provides framing by adding a header to create a PPDU. A PPDU (PHY Protocol Data Unit) is the data unit that is transmitted or received over the wireless medium by the PHY layer. A PPDU consists of a PSDU (PHY Service Data Unit) and a PHY header, which contains information such as modulation, coding, and data rate. The PHY layer adds the PHY header to the PSDU to create a PPDU for transmission, or removes the PHY header from the PPDU to extract the PSDU for reception. The other options are not correct, as they are not created by adding a header at the PHY layer. An MPDU (MAC Protocol Data Unit) is created by adding a MAC header and FCS to an MSDU (MAC Service Data Unit) at the MAC layer. An MSDU is the data unit that is passed from the LLC sublayer to the MAC sublayer or vice versa. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 4: 802.11 Physical Layer, page 97-98
NEW QUESTION # 35
How many frames make up the Group Key Handshake excluding any Ack frames that may be required?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: A
Explanation:
The Group Key Handshake consists of two frames excluding any Ack frames that may be required. The Group Key Handshake is used to distribute and update the Group Temporal Key (GTK) for encrypting broadcast and multicast traffic. The AP initiates the Group Key Handshake by sending a Group Key Message
1 frame to a STA, which contains the new GTK and other information. The STA responds with a Group Key Message 2 frame to the AP, which confirms the receipt of the GTK and other information. After this, both the AP and the STA can use the new GTK for encryption and decryption of broadcast and multicast traffic .
References: CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 7:
802.11 Security, page 246; CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 7: 802.11 Security, page 247.
NEW QUESTION # 36
You want to simplify viewing frames of a particular type in Wireshark.
What is used to specify frames for colorization?
- A. Filters are used to define the frames that should be colorized
- B. Custom code must be written and the binaries recompiled
- C. A scripting language is available to modify the code before recompilation
- D. Automated protocol analysis is used and no additional options may be specified
Answer: A
Explanation:
Protocol analyzers also support highlighting or colorization and filtering. The highlighting feature allows you to define colors for packets or frames matching particular criteria. It allows those frames to stand out as you browse through the captured frames
NEW QUESTION # 37
Which one of the following is an advantage of using display filters that is not an advantage of capture-time filters?
- A. They only hide the packets from view and the filtered packets can be enabled for view later
- B. They allow for focused analysis on just the packets of interest
- C. Once created they are reusable for later captures
- D. Multiple of them can be applied simultaneously
Answer: A
Explanation:
Display filters are applied after the capture is completed and they only hide the packets from view. The filtered packets are still present in the capture file and can be enabled for view later by changing or removing the display filter. This is an advantage over capture-time filters, which discard the packets that do not match the filter criteria and cannot be recovered later34 References:
* CWAP-403 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Protocol Analysis, page 37
* CWAP-403 Objectives, Section 2.3: Apply display filters
NEW QUESTION # 38
You are analyzing a problem with a specific client adapter. The vendor specifications sheet does not provide detailed information.
What tool can you use to provide the most detailed specification information in many such cases?
- A. WLAN controller
- B. FCC ID Search
- C. Wi-Fi finder
- D. Spectrum analyzer
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 39
You are using the real-time FFT display of a spectrum analyzer.
In what domain does this show the RF energy detected in the swept frequencies?
- A. Length
- B. Time
- C. Frequency
- D. Phase
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 40
Which one of the following should be the first step when troubleshooting a WLAN issue?
- A. Define the problem
- B. Perform an initial WLAN scan and see if any obvious issues stand out
- C. Identify capture locations
- D. Identify probable causes
Answer: A
Explanation:
The first step in any troubleshooting process is to define the problem. This involves gathering information from various sources, such as users, network administrators, network documentation, and network monitoring tools. Defining the problem helps to narrow down the scope of the issue and identify the symptoms, causes, and effects of the problem12 References:
* CWAP-403 Study Guide, Chapter 1: Troubleshooting Methodology, page 7
* CWAP-403 Objectives, Section 1.1: Define the problem
NEW QUESTION # 41
As a wireless network consultant you have been called in to troubleshoot a high-priority issue for one of your customers. The customer's office is based on two floors within a multi-tenant office block. On one of these floors (floor 5) users cannot connect to the wireless network. During their own testing the customer has discovered that users can connect on floor 6 but not when they move to the floor 5. This issue is affecting all users on floor 5 and having a negative effect on productivity.
To troubleshoot this issue, you perform both Spectrum and Protocol Analysis. The Spectrum Analysis shows the presence of Bluetooth signals which you have identified as coming from wireless mice. In the protocol analyzer you see the top frame on the network is Deauthentication frames. On closer investigation you see that the Deauthentication frames' source addresses match the BSSIDs of your customers APs and the destination address is FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF.
What do you conclude from this troubleshooting exercise?
- A. The users on floor 5 are being subjected to a denial of service attack, as this is happening across the entire floor it is likely to be a misconfigured WIPS solution belonging to the tenants on the floor below
- B. The CCI from the APs on the floor 4 is the problem and you need to ask the tenant below to turn down their APs Tx power
- C. The customers APs are misbehaving and a technical support case should be open with the vendor
- D. The customer should replace all their Bluetooth wireless mice as they are stopping the users on floor 5 from connecting to the wireless network
Answer: A
Explanation:
The users on floor 5 are being subjected to a denial of service attack, as this is happening across the entire floor it is likely to be a misconfigured WIPS solution belonging to the tenants on the floor below. This is because the Deauthentication frames have a source address that matches the BSSIDs of the customer's APs and a destination address that is a broadcast address (FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF). This indicates that someone is sending spoofed Deauthentication frames to all STAs associated with the customer's APs, causing them to disconnect from the wireless network. This is a common type of DoS attack on wireless networks, and it could be caused by a rogue device or a WIPS solution that is configured to protect the wireless network of another tenant on the floor below12. References: CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 13: Troubleshooting Common Wi-Fi Issues, page 4961; CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 14: Troubleshooting Tools, page 5272.
NEW QUESTION # 42
You need to determine RF activity over time in a spectrum analyzer. It is to be able to see the activity and the amplitude of that activity.
What kind of view should be used?
- A. Device listing
- B. Real-time FFT
- C. Channel listing
- D. Swept spectrogram
Answer: D
Explanation:
The FFT shows spectral activity in the frequency domain, while waterfall or swept spectrogram views attempt to represent RF activity over time
NEW QUESTION # 43
You have received reports of performance problems in a BSS. One specific user is indicating that her downloads are taking a very long time compared to other users around her. You want to determine if the AP is sending frames multiple times to get through to the user's computer.
Where should you monitor with the protocol analyzer to see retries from the AP in this scenario?
- A. Very near the AP
- B. Directly in the middle of the AP and client STA
- C. Very near the client STA
- D. Capture from another AP in another BSS
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 44
You are troubleshooting problems with DHCP in relation to lightweight APs. They vendor class identifier (VCI) is not specified in the DHCP server. When you contact vendor support, they inform you that it is not necessary.
When is this information true?
- A. When only one client option 43 value is required
- B. When only one AP exists on the subnet
- C. When only one client option 60 value is required
- D. When the DHCP server is directly connected to the subnet
Answer: A
Explanation:
The DHCP server should be configured to provide the IP address information to the APs, but it may also be required to pass information for option 43. Option 43 is a vendor information option and can be used for any vendor purpose. The vendor class identifier (VCI) (for example, "Cisco AP c3600") is used with option 60 to determine the appropriate information to return with option 43.
NEW QUESTION # 45
The To DS bit is set to 0 and the From DS is set to 1.
What best describes this 802.11 frame?
- A. A frame being transmitted in a mesh BSS
- B. A frame being transmitted from a client STA to an AP
- C. A frame being transmitted directly from one client STA to another
- D. A frame being transmitted from an AP to a client STA
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 46
Recently, three rogue APs have been connected to the network and later discovered. You want to prevent future rogue AP installations as much as possible.
What is the first step to eliminating or reducing rogue APs on the network?
- A. Enable rogue detection in the existing authorized APs
- B. Define a direct policy that stipulates the ramifications of installing unauthorized devices
- C. Create a hash of the MAC addresses of all authorized devices and continually scan for non-matching hashes
- D. Use IPSec between every AP and the network infrastructure
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 47
During a VHT Transmit Beamforming sounding exchange, the beamformee transmits a Compressed Beamforming frame to the beamformer. What is communicated within this Compressed Beamforming frame?
- A. Steering Matrix
- B. Beamforming Matrix
- C. Feedback Matrix
- D. Beamformee Matrix
Answer: C
Explanation:
The beamformee transmits a Feedback Matrix within the Compressed Beamforming frame to the beamformer.
The Feedback Matrix contains information about the channel state between the beamformee and each spatial stream of the beamformer. This information is used by the beamformer to adjust its transmit weights and optimize its signal for the beamformee34. References: CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 11: 802.11n/ac/ax PHYsical Layer Frame Exchanges, page 4033; CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 11: 802.11n/ac/ax PHYsical Layer Frame Exchanges, page 4064.
NEW QUESTION # 48
What is an AIFS?
- A. A form of aggregation performed at the PHY layer based on 802.lie UP values interpreted from DSCP values
- B. A variable Interframe Space introduced by 802.lie to help prioritize medium access for different Access Categories
- C. The shortest period of time a STA can sleep
- D. A medium access method introduced by 802.lln, but never implemented
Answer: B
Explanation:
An AIFS is a variable interframe space introduced by 802.11e to help prioritize medium access for different Access Categories (ACs). An interframe space is a period of time that a STA (station) has to wait before attempting to access the medium. An AIFS is a type of interframe space that varies depending on the AC of the traffic. An AC is a logical queue that corresponds to a QoS (Quality of Service) level for different types of traffic. There are four ACs defined by 802.11e: AC_VO (Voice), AC_VI (Video), AC_BE (Best Effort), and AC_BK (Background). Each AC has a different AIFSN (Arbitration Interframe Space Number) value, which determines how long it has to wait before attempting to access the medium. A lower AIFSN value means a higher priority and a shorter waiting time. The other options are not correct, as they do not describe what an AIFS is. An AIFS is not a medium access method introduced by 802.11n, but never implemented, as it is part of the 802.11e standard and widely used in QoS-enabled WLANs. An AIFS is not a form of aggregation performed at the PHY layer based on 802.11e UP values interpreted from DSCP values, as aggregation is a technique that combines multiple frames into one larger frame to improve efficiency and throughput, not prioritization or medium access. An AIFS is not the shortest period of time a STA can sleep, as sleeping is a power saving mode that allows a STA to conserve battery power by periodically turning off its radio, not accessing the medium. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 7:
QoS Analysis, page 194-195
NEW QUESTION # 49
Where would you look in a packet trace file to identify the configured Minimum Basic Rate (MBR) of a BSS?
- A. Supported Rates & Extended Supported Rates elements in a Beacon frame
- B. In the MBR Action frame
- C. In the Minimum Basic Rate Element in a Beacon frame
- D. In the MBR Information Element in an Association Response frame
Answer: A
Explanation:
The configured Minimum Basic Rate (MBR) of a BSS can be identified by looking at the Supported Rates and Extended Supported Rates elements in a Beacon frame. A Beacon frame is a type of management frame that is transmitted by an AP to advertise its presence and capabilities to potential clients. A Beacon frame contains various information elements (IEs) that provide details about the BSS configuration and operation.
The Supported Rates and Extended Supported Rates IEs list the data rates that are supported by the AP for data transmission. The MBR is the lowest data rate among these supported rates that is required for all clients to join and communicate with the BSS. The MBR is usually marked with a flag bit in these IEs to indicate its mandatory status. The other options are not correct, as they do not exist or do not indicate the MBR of a BSS. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 5: 802.11 MAC Sublayer, page 123-124
NEW QUESTION # 50
What is the function of the PHY layer?
- A. Convert PPDUs to MSDUs for transmissions and MSDUs to PPDUs for receptions
- B. Convert PSDUs to PPDUs for transmissions and PPDUs to PSDUs for receptions
- C. Convert MSDUs to PPDUs for transmissions and PPDUs to MSDUs for receptions
- D. Convert PPDUs to PSDUs for transmissions and PSDUs to PPDUs for receptions
Answer: B
Explanation:
The function of the PHY layer is to convert PSDUs to PPDUs for transmissions and PPDUs to PSDUs for receptions. A PSDU (PHY Service Data Unit) is the data unit that is passed from the MAC layer to the PHY layer for transmission, or from the PHY layer to the MAC layer for reception. A PPDU (PHY Protocol Data Unit) is the data unit that is transmitted or received over the wireless medium by the PHY layer. A PPDU consists of a PSDU and a PHY header, which contains information such as modulation, coding, and data rate.
The PHY layer adds or removes the PHY header to or from the PSDU during the conversion process. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 4: 802.11 Physical Layer, page 97-98
NEW QUESTION # 51
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